Fuel pumps are usually best changed every 20,000 to 30,000 miles, especially the filters and other components around it. This window prevents the fuel system from being clogged with debris that may decrease fuel flow by as much as 15% and overdrive the pump, resulting in overheating and wear as well. Replacing the filter regularly decreases the contaminants, which can keep the fuel pump going for 20% longer or more.
Maintenance should also include electrical components, such as the pump relay and wiring. A drop in voltage below 12 volts can decrease pump efficiency by as much as 10%. Proper voltage regulation is therefore essential to ensure reliable and efficient pump operation. For low-pressure fuel pumps, including many high-performance fuel pumps which may be fitted into the mechanical fuel pump circuit operating above 100 PSI, voltage stability is important, as poor voltage leads to fluctuating fuel flow (resulting in engine performance issues). Furthermore, making sure connections are strong and taking a look at the battery and alternator can help keep voltage constant.
Part of maintaining the fuel pump also involves checking the fuel lines for leaks and pressure problems. Review of pressure regulators and lines to confirm they are providing the appropriate pressure range — on most vehicles, 40–60 PSI This diagnosis prevents damage that should be avoided in order to maintain the pumping capacity and longevity of the electromechanical equipment. In fact, performance mechanics recommend an even stricter maintenance schedule on high-demand vehicles, particularly those powered by E85 or other ethanol blends—both of which are notorious for absorbing moisture and increasing corrosion potential, which can shorten the lifespan of a pump by as much as 30 percent if neglected.
Keeping tabs on how full (or empty) your tank is also directly related to fuel pump health; running low means the pump runs less efficiently and begins to overheat. Always have a minimum of ¼ tank of fuel to ensure adequate cooling to prevent pump failure. If you drive around without enough gas on a regular basis, then that should be more justification for shorter maintenance intervals to compensate for the extra punishment on the pump.
Routine Fuel Pump maintenance is a must to avoid sudden failures, ensure efficient delivery of fuel, and prolonged operation with the pump under extreme conditions. Scheduled inspections and prompt replacement of essential components helps to maintain general vehicle performance and to maintain the unit and prevent costly repairs in the absence of a fuel pump malfunction.